伊朗里亚尔

伊朗里亚尔
伊朗里亚尔
	ریال ایران‎（波斯语）
标准代码
ISO代码	IRR
使用地区
法定货币	伊朗伊斯兰共和国
流通货币	阿富汗; 伊拉克; 沙特阿拉伯; 叙利亚;
货币单位
10	toman; (تومان，非正式)
货币符号	(﷼‎ in Unicode)
发行面额
硬币
- 常用：	500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 rials
- 少用：	50, 100, 250 rials
纸币
- 常用：	2,000, 5,000, 10,000, 20,000, 50,000, 100,000 rials
- 少用：	100, 200, 500, 1,000 rials
发行制造
中央银行	Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran
- 网址：	www.cbi.ir

伊朗里亚尔（波斯语：ریال；货币编号IRR；标志：﷼）是伊朗目前的流通货币。辅币单位第纳尔。1里亚尔=100第纳尔。然而在一般日常生活中，伊朗人习惯以土曼（تومان/toman）来标示价钱，1土曼=10里亚尔。

由于伊朗因为近期核问题，及油价下跌影响（伊朗82%出口为石油），因此贬值快速，2019年10月1日时，1美元可兑换42,016伊朗里亚尔^[4]。已有10,000旧货币换1新货币的想法，但目前一直维持当前货币流通。

2016年12月，伊朗政府宣布该国的货币将从里亚尔（Rial）更改为常用的土曼（Toman）。此举需伊朗议会批准。2019年，伊朗政府部长通过了一项法案，要求去掉四个零，并将一个土曼重估为等于一百里亚尔，而不是之前的十里亚尔。

2020年5月4日，伊朗议会投票通过《伊朗货币和银行法》修正案，将官方货币改为“土曼”（Toman），1万里亚尔兑换1土曼^[5]^[6]^[7]。

流通中的货币

硬币

50 里亚尔
100 里亚尔
250 里亚尔
500 里亚尔
1000 里亚尔
2000 里亚尔
5000 里亚尔

纸币

1981/85 年

100 里亚尔
- 正面：哈桑·勒斯
- 背面：伊斯兰议会的旧大楼
200 里亚尔
- 正面：在亚兹德的詹姆清真寺
- 背面：农业工作者
500 里亚尔
- 正面：星期五的祈祷
- 背面：德黑兰大学的正门
1,000 里亚尔
- 正面：法西亚学校
- 背面：圆顶清真寺
2,000 里亚尔
- 正面：革命党人
- 背面：克尔白
5,000 里亚尔
- 正面：革命党人
- 背面：法蒂玛·马西美神殿
10,000 里亚尔
- 正面：革命党人
- 背面：伊玛目礼萨圣陵

1992 年

正面右边有人物；左下角右上角有面值；左上角右下角有编号；人物靠左有两个签名；左边空白位置有水印。

背面中间有不同景物；最上方有银行名称；左下角右上角有面值；右边空白位置有水印。

1,000 里亚尔
- 正面：鲁霍拉·穆萨维·何梅尼
- 背面：圆顶清真寺
2,000 里亚尔
- 正面：鲁霍拉·穆萨维·何梅尼
- 背面：克尔白
5,000 里亚尔
- 正面：鲁霍拉·穆萨维·何梅尼
- 背面（版本 1）：花朵和小鸟
- 背面（版本 2）：希望号卫星、信使号运载火箭、地球和伊朗的领土
- 背面（版本 3）：扎博勒的陶器（伊朗东部）
10,000 里亚尔
- 正面：鲁霍拉·穆萨维·何梅尼
- 背面：德马峰
20,000 里亚尔
- 正面：鲁霍拉·穆萨维·何梅尼
- 背面（版本 1）：伊玛目广场
- 背面（版本 2）：阿克萨清真寺
- 背面（版本 3）：阿加扎德大楼
50,000 里亚尔
- 正面：鲁霍拉·穆萨维·何梅尼
- 背面（版本 1）：伊朗地图和原子模型、阿拉伯文、“波斯湾”的英文
- 背面（版本 2）：德黑兰大学的正门
100,000 里亚尔
- 正面：鲁霍拉·穆萨维·何梅尼
- 背面：萨迪·设拉兹的陵墓

汇率

参考资料

↑
*Anoushiravan Ehteshami; Mahjoob Zweiri (编). Iran's Foreign Policy: From Khatami to Ahmadinejad. Eastbourne: Sussex Academic Press. 2011: 134. ISBN 0863724159. Not only is the Iranian rial now traded there, but many Iranian goods are bought and sold throughout the southern half of Iraq.
- Geoff Hann; Karen Dabrowska; Tina Townsend Greaves (编). Iraq: The ancient sites and Iraqi Kurdistan. Bradt Travel Guides. 2015: 254. ISBN 1841624888. Iranian currency is accepted and the cities are full of Iranian imports...
- Iran's currency woes hurt wallets in Iraq. Al Jazeera. 2012-11-02 [2014-11-19].
- Angus McDowall. Iranian pilgrims risk lives crossing border. The Independent. 2003-11-15 [2016-10-25]. Iranian currency has become commonly accepted by Iraqi shopkeepers and hoteliers, according to pilgrims who recently returned to Iran. The pilgrims saw large numbers of other Iranians at the shrines of Ali and Hussain, the first and third Shia Imams.
- Aseel Kami. "We decided not to receive Iranian currency any more". Arabian Business. 2012-02-11 [2016-10-25].
↑
*Mohammed, Irfan. Money changers stay away from Iranian rial. Arab News. 2013-05-07 [2014-11-19].
- Adelkhah, Fariba. The Thousand and One Borders of Iran: Travel and Identity. Iranian Studies 27. Routledge. 2015: 225. ISBN 1317418972. ...a Lari pilgrim will take care to buy a chador from Lari who have shops Mecca. Similarly, the Iranian rial is accepted currency in the holy places, and most travellers do not even bother to change money at the airport or hotel.
- Ebrahimi, Marziyeh. A Trip to Mecca and Medina Saudi Arabia for Hajj. GoNOMAD. [2016-10-25]. They also accept Iranian currency, even those who sell on the streets. Many Arab people can speak Persian.
- Saudis refuse Iranian currency from Iranian pilgrims to Mecca. Iran Press News. 2007-01-07 [2016-10-25].
↑ von Maltzahn, Nadia. The Syria-Iran Axis: Cultural Diplomacy and International Relations in the Middle East. Library of Modern Middle East Studies 37. London: I.B.Tauris. 2013: 199. ISBN 1780765371. ...shops have Persian on their signs and sellers usually accept the Iranian rial... Walking around the small alleys surrounding the shrine of Sayida Ruqayya in the old town of Damascus, one felt as if one were in an Iranian bazaar. 'Come here, come here, two tuman, two tuman', vendors shouted in Persian to the Iranian crowds passing, trying to attract their attention. They offered clothes, ..., hagled with the pilgrims in Persian and accepted Iranian currency.
↑ Exchange rate data from XE.com. [2019-11-26].
↑ 伊朗国家货币由里亚尔改为土曼，伊通社2020年5月4日
↑ 伊朗官方货币变更为土曼，新华社2020年5月5日
↑ 伊朗货币改革，面额去掉4个0 ，环球时报2020年5月6日

外部链接

[1] *Anoushiravan Ehteshami; Mahjoob Zweiri (编). Iran's Foreign Policy: From Khatami to Ahmadinejad. Eastbourne: Sussex Academic Press. 2011: 134. ISBN 0863724159. Not only is the Iranian rial now traded there, but many Iranian goods are bought and sold throughout the southern half of Iraq.
Geoff Hann; Karen Dabrowska; Tina Townsend Greaves (编). Iraq: The ancient sites and Iraqi Kurdistan. Bradt Travel Guides. 2015: 254. ISBN 1841624888. Iranian currency is accepted and the cities are full of Iranian imports...

Iran's currency woes hurt wallets in Iraq. Al Jazeera. 2012-11-02 [2014-11-19].

Angus McDowall. Iranian pilgrims risk lives crossing border. The Independent. 2003-11-15 [2016-10-25]. Iranian currency has become commonly accepted by Iraqi shopkeepers and hoteliers, according to pilgrims who recently returned to Iran. The pilgrims saw large numbers of other Iranians at the shrines of Ali and Hussain, the first and third Shia Imams.

Aseel Kami. "We decided not to receive Iranian currency any more". Arabian Business. 2012-02-11 [2016-10-25].

[2] Geoff Hann; Karen Dabrowska; Tina Townsend Greaves (编). Iraq: The ancient sites and Iraqi Kurdistan. Bradt Travel Guides. 2015: 254. ISBN 1841624888. Iranian currency is accepted and the cities are full of Iranian imports...

[3] Iran's currency woes hurt wallets in Iraq. Al Jazeera. 2012-11-02 [2014-11-19].

[4] Angus McDowall. Iranian pilgrims risk lives crossing border. The Independent. 2003-11-15 [2016-10-25]. Iranian currency has become commonly accepted by Iraqi shopkeepers and hoteliers, according to pilgrims who recently returned to Iran. The pilgrims saw large numbers of other Iranians at the shrines of Ali and Hussain, the first and third Shia Imams.

[5] Aseel Kami. "We decided not to receive Iranian currency any more". Arabian Business. 2012-02-11 [2016-10-25].

[2] *Mohammed, Irfan. Money changers stay away from Iranian rial. Arab News. 2013-05-07 [2014-11-19].
Adelkhah, Fariba. The Thousand and One Borders of Iran: Travel and Identity. Iranian Studies 27. Routledge. 2015: 225. ISBN 1317418972. ...a Lari pilgrim will take care to buy a chador from Lari who have shops Mecca. Similarly, the Iranian rial is accepted currency in the holy places, and most travellers do not even bother to change money at the airport or hotel.

Ebrahimi, Marziyeh. A Trip to Mecca and Medina Saudi Arabia for Hajj. GoNOMAD. [2016-10-25]. They also accept Iranian currency, even those who sell on the streets. Many Arab people can speak Persian.

Saudis refuse Iranian currency from Iranian pilgrims to Mecca. Iran Press News. 2007-01-07 [2016-10-25].

[7] Adelkhah, Fariba. The Thousand and One Borders of Iran: Travel and Identity. Iranian Studies 27. Routledge. 2015: 225. ISBN 1317418972. ...a Lari pilgrim will take care to buy a chador from Lari who have shops Mecca. Similarly, the Iranian rial is accepted currency in the holy places, and most travellers do not even bother to change money at the airport or hotel.

[8] Ebrahimi, Marziyeh. A Trip to Mecca and Medina Saudi Arabia for Hajj. GoNOMAD. [2016-10-25]. They also accept Iranian currency, even those who sell on the streets. Many Arab people can speak Persian.

[9] Saudis refuse Iranian currency from Iranian pilgrims to Mecca. Iran Press News. 2007-01-07 [2016-10-25].

[3] von Maltzahn, Nadia. The Syria-Iran Axis: Cultural Diplomacy and International Relations in the Middle East. Library of Modern Middle East Studies 37. London: I.B.Tauris. 2013: 199. ISBN 1780765371. ...shops have Persian on their signs and sellers usually accept the Iranian rial... Walking around the small alleys surrounding the shrine of Sayida Ruqayya in the old town of Damascus, one felt as if one were in an Iranian bazaar. 'Come here, come here, two tuman, two tuman', vendors shouted in Persian to the Iranian crowds passing, trying to attract their attention. They offered clothes, ..., hagled with the pilgrims in Persian and accepted Iranian currency.

[4] Exchange rate data from XE.com. [2019-11-26].

[5] 伊朗国家货币由里亚尔改为土曼，伊通社2020年5月4日

[6] 伊朗官方货币变更为土曼，新华社2020年5月5日

[7] 伊朗货币改革，面额去掉4个0 ，环球时报2020年5月6日

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