含笑属

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含笑属
白兰 Michelia × alba
生物分类法 编辑
域： 真核域 Eukaryota
界： 植物界 Plantae
演化支： 维管植物 Tracheophyta
门： 被子植物门 Angiospermae
纲： 双子叶植物纲 Dicotyledoneae
演化支： 木兰类植物 Magnoliids
目： 木兰目 Magnoliales
科： 木兰科 Magnoliaceae
属： 含笑属 Michelia
L.
物种

约50种，见内文

含笑属（学名：Michelia）是木兰科下的一个属，为灌木或乔木植物。该属共有约50余种，分布于亚洲热带、亚热带及温带。[1]

物种

  • Michelia aenea Dandy.，原产地为中国和越南，视为Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by J. Li (1997)[2]的异名
  • 白兰 Michelia × alba DC. (syn. M. longifolia Blume). White Champaca或White Sandalwood是由黄玉兰（Michelia champaca L.）和山含笑（Michelia montana Blume）自然杂交得到
  • Michelia angustioblonga Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia balansae (A. DC.) Dandy (基本异名：Magnolia balansae A. DC.)
  • Michelia baillonii (Pierre) Finet & Gagnep. (基本异名：Magnolia baillonii Pierre)
  • Michelia braianensis Gagnep.
  • Michelia calcicola C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia ingrata Chen & Yang by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia caloptila Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (dubious taxon, according to Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3])
  • Michelia cavaleriei Finet & Gagnep.
Michelia champaca L.的花和叶
  • 黄玉兰 Michelia champaca L. Champak. 原产地为印度、爪哇岛和菲律宾，小乔木或灌木，高及蓬径3－6米，叶革质，翠绿色，达16厘米长；花芬芳，橙黄色或乳白色，春季开花，可提取精油用于制作香水
  • Michelia chapensis Dandy
  • Michelia compressa (Maxim.) Sarg. (基本异名：Magnolia compressa Maxim.)
  • Michelia coriacea Chang & Chen
  • Michelia crassipes Y.-W. Law
  • 南亚含笑 Michelia doltsopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Large shrubs and trees, growing to 30 meters. Native to the eastern Himalayas and Meghalaya subtropical forests. Varies in form from bushy to narrow and upright. Leathery dark-green leaves, 6 to 17 cm in length. Clusters of creamy white flowers in winter. Growing in popularity as a street tree in coastal California.
  • Michelia elegans Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia cavaleriei Finet & Gagnep. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia elliptilimba Chen & Noot. (视为Michelia sphaerantha C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue by J. Li (1997)[2]的异名)
  • 含笑花 Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. (基本异名：Liriodendron figo Lour.) Banana Shrub. A slow growing shrub or small tree that can grow up to 5 meters high and nearly as wide. Densely covered with small glossy green leaves. Bears clusters of large, white, sometimes purple-streaked, flowers with a potent, sweet banana scent. Port Wine is a variety that bears rose to maroon flowers.
  • Michelia flaviflora Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep.
  • Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy
  • Michelia fujianensis Q.F. Zheng
  • Michelia fulgens Dandy (视为Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by Gagnepain (1939))[4]的异名)
  • Michelia fulva Chang & Chen
  • Michelia fuscata (Andrews) Blume ex Wall. (基本异名：Magnolia fuscata Andrews; 视为Michelia figo|M. figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Baillon (1866)[5])
  • Michelia guangxiensis Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou
  • Michelia hedyosperma Y.-W. Law (视为Michelia hypolampra Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)
  • Michelia hypolampra Dandy
  • Michelia ingrata Chen & Yang
  • Michelia iteophylla C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (Michelia formosana (Kaneh.) Masam. & Suzuki because the type is the same; M. formosana in its turn is 视为Michelia compressa (Maxim.) Sarg. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia kisopa Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests
  • Michelia koordersiana Noot.
  • Michelia lacei W.W. Sm.
  • Michelia laevifolia Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia yunnanensis Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep. by Xia & Deng (2002)[6]的异名)
  • Michelia lanuginosa Wall. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests
  • Michelia leveilleana Dandy
  • Michelia longipetiolata C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia leveilleana Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia longistamina Y.-W. Law (视为Michelia martinii (H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia longistyla Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia foveolata|M. foveolata Merr. ex Dandy; by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3])
  • Michelia macclurei Dandy
  • Michelia martinii (H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. (基本异名：Magnolia martinii H. Lév.)
  • Michelia masticata Dandy
  • Michelia maudiae Dunn
  • Michelia mediocris Dandy
  • Michelia microtricha (视为Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep. by J. Li (1997)[2]的异名)
  • 山含笑 Michelia montana Blume
  • Michelia nilagirica Zenker. Native to southern India.
  • Michelia odora (W.Y. Chun) Noot. & Chen (基本异名：Tsoongiodendron odorum W.Y. Chun)
  • Michelia pachycarpa Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou
  • Michelia platypetala Hand.-Mazz. (视为Magnolia maudiae (Dunn) Figlar (= Michelia maudiae Dunn) by Sima (2001)[7]的变种)
  • Michelia polyneura C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia punduana Hook.f. & Thomson. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests
  • Michelia rajaniana Craib
  • Michelia salicifolia A. Agostini
  • Michelia scortechinii (King) Dandy (基本异名：Manglietia scortechinii King)
  • Michelia wilsonii Finet & Gagnep. (异名M. sinensis Hemsl. & E.H. Wilson; based on the same type but published a few weeks later)
  • Michelia shiluensis W.Y. Chun & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia skinneriana Dunn (视为Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)[3]的异名)
  • Michelia sphaerantha C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue
  • Michelia subulifera Dandy
  • Michelia szechuanica Dandy (被Sima和Figlar (2001)[7]视为Magnolia ernestii Figlar (= Michelia wilsonii Finet & Gagnep.)的亚种)
  • Michelia xanthantha C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu
  • Michelia yunnanensis Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep.

文化意义

在中亚热带地区的佛教寺庙中常种植含笑属树种用作花供[8]。

参考文献

  1. ↑ 中国种子植物科属词典. 中国数字植物标本馆. [2012-04-11]. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Li, J. Some notes on Magnoliaceae from China. Acta Botanica Yunnanica (Kunming). 1997, 19 (2): 131–138. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Chen, B.L. & H.P. Nooteboom. Notes on Magnoliaceae III, The Magnoliaceae of China. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden (St. Louis, MO) (Missouri Botanical Garden Press). 1993, 80 (4): 999–1104. JSTOR 2399942. doi:10.2307/2399942. 
  4. ↑ Gagnepain, F. Magnoliacées nouvelles ou litigieuses. Notulae Systematicae, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris). 1939, 8 (1): 63–65. 
  5. ↑ Baillon, H.E. Mémoire sur la famille des Magnoliacées. Adansonia; recueil periodique d'observations botaniques (Paris). 1866, 7: 1–16, 65–69. 
  6. ↑ Xia, N.H. & Y.F. Deng. Notes on Magnoliaceae. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany (Guangzhou). 2002, 10 (2): 128–132. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Sima, Y.-K. Some Notes on Magnolia Subgenus Michelia from China. Yunnan Forestry Science and Technology (Kunming). 2001, 2: 29–35. 
  8. ↑ Wang, Xinyang; Jin, Cheng; Huang, Li; Zhou, Lihua; Zheng, Mingming; Qian, Shenhua; Yang, Yongchuan. Plant diversity and species replacement in Chinese Buddhist temples. Biodiversity Science. 2020-06-20, 28 (6): 668. doi:10.17520/biods.2019392. 

外部链接

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